A tornado is a small-scale but very intense storm system with wind speeds of sometimes more than 400 km/h, which are significantly higher than those of other storms. While the damage caused by tornadoes is limited to a narrow path, the very high wind speeds, and wind shear (rapid change in direction or speed) pose a high risk even to solid buildings. In general, tornadoes can destroy houses and cars and pose a danger to animals, people, and the environment. Indirectly, a lot of damage is caused by flying debris.
To assess the risk of tornadoes, our analyses consider regional climate parameters and geographical factors. It is assumed that wherever thunderstorms and hail are possible, tornadoes can also occur, and that flat terrain favors the occurrence of tornadoes, while tornadoes are almost impossible in mountainous regions.